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Kitbashing is the Key to that 1 in a 1,000,000 Model Train Layout! Model kits are not always items of beauty. They are also not exactly what a model train enthusiast really wants when they are searching through the aisles and shelves of their local hobby store.In fact, the failure of model kits to meet the needs of model railroaders is exactly why the art of Kitbashing evolved.What Is Kitbashing? The term is fairly self-explanatory because it involves "bashing" the store bought "kit" and transforming those model train models into the items that you had in mind from the very beginning.

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"What I call loaded I'm not. What other people call loaded I am!" Zsa Zsa GaborWhat's happening in the World, and how can I survive this economic disaster, never mind, how I can actually become rich?Well we all know, or at least believe that the rich are getting richer while the poor remain poor. How often don't we ask ourselves the question - how to get rich, or how I can get rich too?Perhaps, we should stop and ask ourselves this question, isn't it in times such as these, that 'real opportunities' perhaps presents itself?Before we take a look at some answers to these questions, let's have a look at some very interesting facts. The following information was posted by newscientist.com.Breaking news on wealth (QUOTE...)If you doubt it, ponder these numbers from the US, a country widely considered meritocratic, where talent and hard work are thought to be enough to propel anyone through the ranks of the rich. In 1979, the top 1% of the US population earned, on average, 33.1 times as much as the lowest 20%. In 2000, this multiplier had grown to 88.5. If inequality is growing in the US, what does this mean for other countries?Almost certainly more of the same, if you believe physicists who are using new models based on simple physical laws to understand the distribution of wealth. Their studies indicate that inequality in market economies may be very hard to get rid of.Economists will join physicists to discuss these issues next week in Kolkata, India, at the first ever conference on the "econophysics" of wealth distribution. "We are interested in understanding whether there is some kind of social injustice behind this skewed distribution," says Sudhakar Yarlagadda of the Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics (SINP) in Kolkata.It is well known that wealth is shared out unfairly. (DO YOU AGREE WITH THIS STATEMENT - PLEASE POST US YOUR COMMENT AND REASONING)"People on the whole have normally distributed attributes, talents and motivations, yet we finish up with wealth distributions that are much more unequal than that," says Robin Marris, emeritus professor of economics at Birkbeck, University of London. (A question for your comments, do you believe all people are actually using their normally distributed attributes, talents and are they motivated to excel at what they do?)Pareto's lawIn 1897, a Paris-born engineer named Vilfredo Pareto showed that the distribution of wealth in Europe followed a simple power-law pattern, which essentially meant that the extremely rich hogged most of a nation's wealth (New Scientist print edition, 19 August 2000). Economists later realised that this law applied to just the very rich, and not necessarily to how wealth was distributed among the rest.Now it seems that while the rich have Pareto's law to thank, the vast majority of people are governed by a completely different law. Physicist Victor Yakovenko of the University of Maryland in College Park, US, and his colleagues analysed income data from the US Internal Revenue Service from 1983 to 2001.They found that while the income distribution among the super-wealthy - about 3% of the population - does follow Pareto's law, incomes for the remaining 97% fitted a different curve - one that also describes the spread of energies of atoms in a gas.Gas analogyIn the gas model, people exchange money in random interactions, much as atoms exchange energy when they collide. While economists' models traditionally regard humans as rational beings who always make intelligent decisions, econophysicistsargue that in large systems the behaviour of each individual is influenced by so many factors that the net result is random, so it makes sense to treat people like atoms in a gas.The analogy also holds because money is like energy, in that it has to be conserved. "It's like a fluid that flows in interactions, it's not created or destroyed, only redistributed," says Yakovenko.Yakovenko also found that the total income of those in the poorer part of the distribution did not change significantly with time after accounting for inflation. But incomes for those in the Pareto curve shot up nearly five times from 1983 to 2000, before declining with the US stock market crash of 2001. (What do you think will happen after this 2008 Economic crisis? Do you think this crisis is going to change the stats again, perhaps for ever, or do you think this crisis is just another storm in the tea cup?)Class jumpingThis, along with research data from other countries, suggests that there are two economic classes. In one, the rich grow richer while in the other the poor stay poor. Yakovenko explains this by going back to the analogy of atoms in a gas.The atoms assume an exponential distribution of energy when they are in thermal equilibrium, and pushing the gas away from this state takes a lot of energy and it could prove similarly difficult to shift an economy to a different state. Randomness in the model does, however, mean that individuals can jump from one class to another."It suggests that any kind of policy will be very inefficient," says Yakovenko. It would be very difficult to impose a policy to redistribute wealth "short of getting Stalin", says Yakovenko, who will talk in Kolkata next week.Saving plansA more sophisticated model developed by Bikas Chakrabarti of the SINP and his colleagues paints a slightly less bleak picture for the poor. His team adjusted the gas model to allow people to save various proportions of their money.This model predicts both the wealth classes that Yakovenko found. It also suggests that if you save more you are more likely to end up rich, although there are no guarantees. Changing people's saving habits could be an effective way of making the wealth distribution fairer, rather than enforcing taxes, says Chakrabarti, who is one of the Kolkata conference organisers.Macroeconomist Makoto Nirei at Utah State University in Logan, US, whose own work will be presented at the conference, is supportive of the physicists' work but he has reservations about how they model the exchange of money. "The model seems to me not like an economic exchange process, but more like a burglar process. People randomly meet and one just beats up the other and takes their money."Other economists warn it is too early to use such models to inform policies. "The models are too abstract," says Thomas Lux, an economist at the University of Kiel in Germany. But J. Doyne Farmer, a physicist from the Santa Fe Institute in New Mexico, US, points out that these models have their place: "Many economic theories don't even come close to producing the wealth distribution we see, and if you can't produce that you're dead in the water.END QUOTE..(You can read more interesting topics from newscientists by clicking on their link in my blogroll)WHAT DO YOU THINK ABOUT THESE STATISTICS? What do you think about the fact that scientists are trying to predict wealth or at least find scientific answers to it?LET'S TAKE A LOOK AT WEALTH AND SEE IF WE CAN ANSWER THE QUESTION - ARE WE HEADING FOR A RECESSION, OR ARE THE RICH GETTING RICHER?Well of course the rich are getting richer, and yes we are on a brink of a recession!Who is to blame? Well obviously some incompetent fools up the ladder, don't you think? Or do we perhaps have a part in this ourselves? Are we as Americans (and for that sake many other countries in the world too), perhaps catching up to our own doing?What do I mean? Well before I go on criticizing the general American population of being plain lazy, perhaps we should first take a look on what wealth is all about, and how it is generally achieved. Perhaps the answer to our problems aren't just attributable to Bush, or plain bad luck. Just maybe we have a stake in our current affairs, lets take a look...Wealth (or assets) can take many forms. A country might have abundant reserves of precious metals, good roads and buildings and large reserves of foreign currency. A company might have have property holdings, valuable machinery and a healthy bank balance. An individual might have a house, car, jewelry and an investment portfolio.These are all tangible assets and evidences of wealth. An equally important, in fact essential, type of wealth is an intangible called 'human wealth' (or human capital).Human wealth comprises the knowledge, skills, experience, attitudes and work ethics of the people in an organization or country.Human wealth, people, is a factor of production!We know that the factors of production, i.e land, labour and capitol, combine to produce income and from there, economic growth and wealth creation flow. Human wealth is part labour and part capitol. It is as simple as that!If there is one factor of production that can make things happen on it's own, it is human capitol. A country may have ho natural resources, very little physical capitol and an untrained labour force. Hardly a recipe for success,but, if it is able to use it's small capitol base to develop skills that are in demand worldwide, and to motivate the owners of those skills to achieve maximum success, the rest will follow.Income can be earned domestically and internationally, other forms of capitol will be built or bought and the country will be on on the road to prosperity. There are some shining examples of countries that were devastated by war or natural disaster, yet became economic winners by concentrating on their human wealth!The importance of maximising human wealth cannot be over-emphasized. The more productive the work force, the higher the total income. The higher the income the more successful the economy. (How productive are we America, share your comments please?)There is no short cut to building human wealth. It requires vision, dedication, hard work, patience and a lot of money. It requires a concerted effort from government, private sector organizations and individuals. It is an investment in the country's future, an investment that will repay its owners over and over again. (Are we doing this efficiently in America, share your comments please?)A country may have no natural wealth, no obvious reason to be successful, but if its people have a strong work ethic and a determination to succeed, if education and training is of a high standard and concentrates on building appropriate skills, the country has the means to achieve economic success. Conversely, a country with abundant tangible wealth and a low level of human wealth will soon be a poor country!Natural Wealth + Human Wealth = Winning FormulaNo Natural Wealth + Human Wealth = Potential WinnerNatural Wealth + No Human Wealth = Potential DisasterNo Natural Wealth + No Human Wealth = Disaster!Where are we headed America? Do you think we have been placing enough emphasis on "Human Wealth"?Come on be brave, or at least be honest and share your thoughts! Let me tell you, I am an old man today, but the fact is, we are the answer to our own downfall! We need to act, get off our arses, grab our shovels and get to work, before it's to late!We have cultivated an American dream of "come to America - the land of opportunities"! AND THEY HAVE MY FRIEND! Everybody else accept us, have grabbed the opportunity! Look around you, see how many other people have come to America, and are improving their lives, Barack Obama's farther for one, and he is headed to become our next President! Well he bloody well deserves it if you ask an old fool like me! They have worked for it!Its time we realize the big mistake!WE STOPPED WORKING AND BECAME COMPLACENT!There is a hidden lesson in this article for all you young people setting out on becoming wealthy - listen to grandpa here!YOU ARE THE BIGGEST ASSET YOU OWN - DON'T SCREW IT UP! DEVELOP YOURSELF, DON'T STOP LEARNING, DON'T STOP DREAMING, DON"T STOP BELIEVING, AND FOR GOD SAKE DON'T STOP WORKING!If you would like to read more articles on getting rich, or are interested in who are the "Richest People" in the World, or if you are looking for some great opportunities, pay my blog a visit.God Bless You and God Bless America. NOW GET TO WORK!

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